?????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????????  ? ????????? ?? “???????????? ????”, ??????  ????? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????.

? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????  ? ?????? ? ??????? ????? =)

??????? ????????? ? ????????? “??????” Asterisk – ????? ?????????? extensions.conf. ?????? ? ???? ????? ?? ??????????, ??? ????? ????? ???? asterisk ??? ???????? ? ????????? ???????. ?? ????, ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????, ??????? ????? ????????? Asterisk. ? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????, ???????? Asterisk ???????? ????????? ?????????????. ????? ???????? ?????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? Asterisk, ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????. ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ????? ?? ????????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? Asterisk ? ?? ???????? ??????, ?? ????????????, ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????????.

???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????: ??????????, ?????????? ???????, ??????????? ? ??????????. ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ? ??, ??? ??? ????????
??????. ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ? ????????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????????.

?????????

????????? ??????? ?? ???????, ?????????? ???????????. ????????? – ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????.
????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????, ???????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????????. ?????????? ?????, ???????????? ? ????? ?????????, ????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????, ???? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ????????? ??????????.

????????? ??????????? ?? ??????. ????? ?????????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ?????? ([ ]). ??????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? A ?? Z (???????? ? ??????? ????????), ????? ?? 0 ?? 9, ????? ? ?????? ?????????????. ????????, ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???:

[incoming]

??? ??????????, ??????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????, [general] ? [globals].
?????? [general] ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? (? ???????, ????????, ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????), ? ? ????????? [globals] ?? ????????? ? ?????? ??????, ????? ???? ?????? ? «?????????? ??????????». ???? ??? ?????????? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ????????????. ????????? ???? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????????? ????? [general] ? [globals]!

??? ???????? ?????? (? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ? ???????) ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ????? ??????, ???????? – ??? ????? ?????????, ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????, ??????????? ????? ???? ?????.
?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? (????????, ????? ??????) – ??????????? ????????????. ????????? ???????? ?????????, ???????????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ? ???????? (?????, ??? ????????????? ?????), ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????. ???? ???????? ?????????? ???????????, ???????????? ??-?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ? ????? ???????.

?????????? ??????

? ???? ???????????????? ?????? «?????????? ?????» (extension) ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????, ??????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ? ??????????? ????????. ?????? ? Asterisk ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????, ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ????? (?????? ??? ???????? ??????????), ???????
Asterisk ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ???? ?????. ? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ?????????.
??? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? (???????? ??? ?????????? ???????) Asterisk ????? ????????? ????, ???????????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????, ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????.

????????? ??????????? ?????? – ??? ????? exten, ?? ??????? ??????? ???????, ???????????? ??????? ????????? ? «?????? ???»:

exten =>

????? ??????????? ??? (??? ?????). ? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????, ??????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????? ??????? ????????.

?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????????:

• ????? (??? ??????).
• ?????????? (?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????; ?????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????????).
• ?????????? (??? ???????), ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????.

??? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ????????:

exten => ???,?????????,??????????()

??? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????:

exten => 123,1,Answer()

? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????? – 123, ????????? – 1, ? ?????????? – Answer(). ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????, ??? ????? ?????????? ? ??????????.

??????????

?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????, ?????????? ????????????. ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????????, ??????? ? 1, ? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??????????. ????????, ????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? (? ?????????? ??? ??????? 1) ? ????? ????????? ???????????? (? ?????????? ???
??????? 2):

exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,2,Hangup()

?? ???????????, ???? ?? ?? ?????????, ??? ????? Answer() ? Hangup(), ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????????. ????? ??????? – ?????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? Asterisk ????????? ?????????? ?? ???????.

?????????????? ??????????

??????? ? ?????? 1.2 Asterisk ??? ?????? ????????? n, ??? ???????? «?????????». ?????? ???, ????? Asterisk ????????? ????????? n, ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ????????? 1. ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ? ????????, ?????????
?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????. ????????, ???????? ????? ???? ?????:

exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,????????? ???-??
exten => 123,n,????????? ???-?? ???
exten => 123,n,????????? ?????????
exten => 123,n,Hangup()

Asterisk ????? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ? ??????????? n. ?????? ??????? ????????, ??? ????????? ??? ??????? 1 ?????? ???? ????? ???????????. ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? n ?????? 1, ?????????? ????? ????? ??????????.

??????????

?????????? – ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????, ???????? ??????????????? ?????, ????? ?????????? ?????, ????? ??????, ?????? ?????????? ? ?. ?. ? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????????: Answer() ? Hangup(). ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????, ??? ??? ????????.

??? ?????????? ????????? ??????????, ????? ??? Answer() ? Hangup(), ?? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????. ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????. ??? ??????, ?????????? ???????????, ????? ???????????? ? ??????????, ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??, ??? ??? ????????? ???? ????????. ????? ???????? ????????? ? ??????????, ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ??????? ???????, ????????? ?? ?????? ??????????.

??????? ????????

????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????. Asterisk ????? ????? ??????, ??????????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????????. ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????.

?????????? ????? s

?????? ??? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????????, ???????? ???????????? ??? ?? ????? ???????. ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????? s. ????? ? ???????? ????????? ??????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????? s. (s – ?????????? ?? start (??????), ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????, ???? ? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????.)

????????? ??? ?????? ??, ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????????, ???????? ? ????. ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???????? (????? ?? ????, ??????????????? ????????? ????? ? ????????????), ??????? ??????????? ?????? s ??????????? ??? ??????????. ???????? ??? ?????????? ? ???????? [incoming], ????????? ???? ??????? ????-
??? ? ???, ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ? ???? ?????????.

[incoming]
exten => s,1,??????????()
exten => s,n,??????????()
exten => s,n,??????????()

?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? – ? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????.

?????????? Answer(), Playback() ? Hangup()

?????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????, ?????????????? ???????? ???? ? ????? ????????? ???????????? ??????, ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??????. ?????????? Answer() (?????) ???????????? ??? ?????? ??????, ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????. ??? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????, ??????????? ???????? ?????. (????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ??????, ?? ??????????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???, ??? ????????? ?????-???? ???????? ??? ???????, ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????.)
??? ??????????? ?????, Answer() ?? ????????? ??????????. ?????????? Playback() (???????????????) ????????????? ? ?????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ????. ??? ????????????? ?????????? Playback() ????, ??????????? ?? ????????????, ?????? ????????????.

????? ???????????? Playback(), ??????? ? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? (??? ??????????). ????????, Playback(filename) ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????? filename.gsm (? ???????? ? ??????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ??????), ???????????, ??? ?? ???????? ? ??????????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????. ???????? ????????, ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ? ?????.
?????????? Hangup() (???????????) ????????? ?????? ??, ??? ??????????????? ??? ??? ??????: ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????, ??? ??????? ?? ???????????????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????. ?????????? Hangup() ?? ????????? ??????????.

??? ?????? ????????

??????, ????? ?????????? ????? ?????, ?????? ??? ?????? ? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????.
? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????, ?? ?????? – ?????????????? ???????? ???? hello-world.gsm, ? ? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????????. ??? ??? ???????? ????????:

[incoming]
exten => s,1,Answer()
exten => s,n,Playback(hello-world)
exten => s,n,Hangup()

???? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ? ?????, ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????, ?????????? ???????, ??????????? ? ??????????. ???? ??? ?????????? ? ???? ???????? ?????????, ??????, ?? ??????????? ? ????????, ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????????.

???????? ?????????????? ?????????

????????? ? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????; ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???????. ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ? ????????, ????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ????????????. ??? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??????????.

?????????? Background(), WaitExten() ? Goto()

???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? Asterisk – ?????????? Background()(???). ??? ? Playback(), ??? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????? ????. ??????, ? ??????? ?? Playback(), ???? ???????????? ???????? ?????? (??? ?????????????????? ??????) ?? ?????????? ????????, ??? ????????? ??????????????? ? ????????? ? ??????????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????. ????????, ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? 5, Asterisk ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? 5.

???? ????? ?????????? Background() ???????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? (??????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ?????????????? ???????????). ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????.

????????? Background() ?????????? ?????????? Playback():

exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(main-menu)

? ????? ?????? ??????? Asterisk, ???? ?????????? Background() ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ? ? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????????, Asterisk ?????? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ????????. ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? Asterisk ???????? ?? ?????????. ???? ?????????, ????? Asterisk ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????????, ????? ??????? ?????????? WaitExten() (???????? ??????????? ??????). ?????????? WaitExten() ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????? Background(), ??? ? ?????? ????????? ?????????:

exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(main-menu)
exten => 123,n,WaitExten()

???? ?????????, ????? ?????????? WaitExten() ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ????????????? ??????? (?????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????), ?????? ??????? ?????, ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????, ? ???????? ??????? ????????? ? WaitExten():

exten => 123,n,WaitExten(5)

? Background(), ? WaitExten() ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??????. ????? ????? Asterisk ???????? ????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????, ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ??????. ???? Asterisk ??????? ??????????? ????????????, ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????. ???????????????? ???, ??????? ????????? ????? ? ??? ??????:

exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(main-menu)
exten => 123,n,WaitExten()
exten => 2,1,Playback(digits/2)
exten => 3,1,Playback(digits/3)
exten => 4,1,Playback(digits/4)

???? ??????? ?????????? ????? 123 ?? ??????? ????, ?? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ? ?????? «main menu» (??????? ????) ? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? 2, 3 ??? 4. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????, Asterisk ????????????? ?? ??? ???. ????? ?? ??????????, ???, ???? ?????? ?????? ????? (????????, 5), Asterisk ?? ????????? ?????-
????? ??????????.

????? ???????? ????????, ????? Asterisk ????????? ????????????? ????????????. ??? ????? ????? ??????????????????, ????? ? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? 1:

exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(main-menu)
exten => 123,n,WaitExten()
exten => 1,1,Playback(digits/1)
exten => 2,1,Playback(digits/2)
exten => 3,1,Playback(digits/3)
exten => 4,1,Playback(digits/4)

???????? ?????????? ????? 123 ? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? 1. ?????? Asterisk ????? ?? ?? ????????????? ???? ?????? ??????, ??? ????? 1 ????????????; Asterisk ?? ????????, ????? ?????????? ????? ??????????, 1 ??? 123. ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? (????????, 2 ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? 123). ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ???????
???????? Asterisk ?????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? 1. (???????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????)
?????? ??? ????????? ??????, ?????????, ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??? ????????, ???????? ??????? ???????????. ???? ??? ?????? 1, ?? ??????? ????? 1, ???? 2 – ?? ????? 2 ? ?. ?. ??? ?????? ??? ???????, ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????????????. ? ??????? ?????????? Goto() (??????? ?) ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ??????????????? ??????.

??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????, ?????????? Goto() ???????????? ??? ??????????????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?????????. ????????? Goto() ??????? ???????? ? ???? ? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????, ??????????? ?????? ? ??????????:

exten => 123,n,Goto(????????,???????????????,?????????)

?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? Goto() ? ????? ?????????:

[incoming]
exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(main-menu)
exten => 1,1,Playback(digits/1)
exten => 1,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)
exten => 2,1,Playback(digits/2)
exten => 2,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)

??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?????? 123 ????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????.

????????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????? ????????

??????, ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ? ??????????, ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????. ??-??????, ??? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????????????? ??????; ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? (????????, 9 ??? ??????????? ???????), ????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ????? i. ??-??????, ?????????
?????????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????, ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????? (????? ???????? ?? ????????? – 10 ?). ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? WaitExten(), ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ????? t. ??? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????:

[incoming]
exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(enter-ext-of-person)
exten => 123,n,WaitExten()
exten => 1,1,Playback(digits/1)
exten => 1,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)
exten => 2,1,Playback(digits/2)
exten => 2,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)
exten => 3,1,Playback(digits/3)
exten => 3,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)
exten => i,1,Playback(pbx-invalid)
exten => i,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)
exten => t,1,Playback(vm-goodbye)
exten => t,n,Hangup()

????????????? ?????????? ??????? i ? t ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????? ? ??????????. ?? ???? ???????, ?? ??-???????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ????? ?????????. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ? ??? ????? ??????????? – Dial() (???????).

???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? Asterisk – ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????. ??? ???????? ???????, ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ????????, ??????? ? ????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????, ????? ??? ???????????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???? ? ?????? ????? ????? ? ???????? ?? IP-????????. ? ???????, ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? Asterisk ????? ?? ????. ?? ??? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? Dial().

????????? Dial() ??????? ???????, ??? ????????? ??????????, ??????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???, ?? ?? ?????????. Dial() ????????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? – ?????????? ??????. ?? ??????? (? ????? ??????? ?????) ?? ???????? ?????????? (??? ????????????? ?????????), ? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????, ??????? ???? ? ????? ?????????
???????? ????? ??? ???????. ?????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? Zap (??? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????? T1/E1/J1), SIP ? IAX2. ????????, ????????, ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? Zap, ???????????? ??? Zap/1, ??????? ???????????? ????? FXS-????? ? ???????????? ? ???? ?????????? ?????????. ?????????? –
Zap, ?????? – 1. ??????????, ??? ?????? ?????????? SIP ??????????? ?????? ????? ???? SIP/Jane, ? ??? ?????????? IAX – IAX2/Fred. ???? ?? ?????????????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? 123 ????????? Asterisk ?????? ?? ?????? Zap/1, ?? ?? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????:

exten => 123,1,Dial(Zap/1)

????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????????????, ????????? ??????????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????????? (&):

exten => 123,1,Dial(Zap/1&Zap/2&SIP/Jane)

?????????? Dial() ????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ? ????????? ????? ? ????? ?? ???????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????, Asterisk ?????? ?????????? DIALSTATUS (?????? ??????) ????????, ??????????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ??????, ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????.

?????????? Dial() ????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ? ????????? ???????? ?????? VoIP, ??????? ?? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ? ???????????????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????????:

Dial(??????????/????????????[:??????]@?????????_????[:????][/?????????_????-
??????_?????])

? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????????????? ?????? Digium, ??????? ?????????? ???????? IAX2, ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????:

exten => 500,1,Dial(IAX2/guest@misery.digium.com/s)

?????? ????????? ?????????? Dial() ??? ???????? ?? ??????? Zap ??????? ????, ??? ???????? ????:

Dial(Zap/[gGrR]?????_???_??????[/?????????_??????????_?????])

????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? 1-800-555-1212 ?? Zap-?????? ??? ??????? 4.

exten => 501,1,Dial(Zap/4/18005551212)

?????? ???????? ?????????? Dial() – ????? ????????, ?????????? ? ????????. ???? ????? ???????? ??????, Dial() ????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????, ? ????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????, Dial() ????? ????????????? ?? ??????????
?????? ?? ??? ???, ???? ???-?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????. ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???????? 10 ?:

exten => 123,1,Dial(Zap/1,10)

???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????, ????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ? ???????? ????????. ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????, ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????-?? ?????? ???????, Asterisk ?????? ?????????? DIALSTATUS ? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????.

??????? ???????? ??, ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????, ? ?????? ???????:

exten => 123,1,Dial(Zap/1,10)
exten => 123,n,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 123,n,Hangup()

??? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ???? vm-nobodyavail.gsm ? ??????, ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????.

?????? ???????? Dial() – ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ????????, ???????? ?? ????????? ?????????? Dial(). ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????, ????? ????????? ??? ????? ( ? ??? ?? ????????? ?????); ?????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? – ????? m. ???? ??????? m ? ???????? ???????? ?????????, ?????????? ???????, ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????????, ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (???????, ???? ??? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????). ????? ???????? ????? m ? ??? ????????? ??????, ??????
??????? ?????? ??????:

exten => 123,1,Dial(Zap/1,10,m)
exten => 123,n,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 123,n,Hangup()

??????, ????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? Dial(), ?????????? ?????? 1 ? 2 ? ????????? ????? ????????????. ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ????????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ?? ??????? (Vit) ? ????? (Lena):

[incoming]
exten => 123,1,Answer()
exten => 123,n,Background(enter-ext-of-person)
exten => 123,n,WaitExten()
exten => 1,1,Dial(Zap/1,10)
exten => 1,n,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 1,n,Hangup()
exten => 2,1,Dial(SIP/Lena,10)
exten => 2,n,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 2,n,Hangup()
exten => i,1,Playback(pbx-invalid)
exten => i,n,Goto(incoming,123,1)
exten => t,1,Playback(vm-goodbye)
exten => t,n,Hangup()

????????? ? ????????? ???????? ?????????? Dial() – URL. ???? ?????????? ????? ???????????? ????? URL ? ?????? ??????, ???????? URL ????? ??????? (????????, ???? ???????????? IP-???????, ?????????????? ????? URL, ???? URL ???????? ?? ??????? ????????; ??????????, ???? ???????????? ??????????? ???????, URL ?????
???? ??????? ?? ????? ????????). ???? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????.

???????? ????????, ??? ??????, ?????? ? ????????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????. ????????, ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????????? ???????? ????? ????????, ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ????????, ??? ? ?????? ???????:

exten => 1,1,Dial(Zap/1,,m)